{"id":469,"date":"2018-12-16T08:32:49","date_gmt":"2018-12-16T08:32:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/?page_id=469"},"modified":"2018-12-16T14:44:42","modified_gmt":"2018-12-16T14:44:42","slug":"jak-pozorovat","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/o-zakrytech\/jak-pozorovat\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak pozorovat?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kryt\u016f hv\u011bzd planetkami pat\u0159\u00ed k relativn\u011b nen\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm, zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm a u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm astronomick\u00fdm pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm. I mal\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstroji lze z\u00edsk\u00e1vat zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 data o bl\u00edzk\u00e9m i vzd\u00e1len\u00e9m vesm\u00edru.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #cc99ff;\">Co k pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159ebujeme?<\/span>\u00a0<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>softwarov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>dobr\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi (z\u00e1kryt\u016f i po\u010das\u00ed)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pomineme-li v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1kryty jasn\u00fdch hv\u011bzd viditeln\u00fdch i bez dalekohledu, je z\u00e1kladem pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00e1 mont\u00e1\u017e s vhodn\u00fdm dalekohledem. Podm\u00ednkou\u00a0 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt bu\u010f automaticky nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e1 mont\u00e1\u017e nebo rovn\u00edkov\u00e1 mont\u00e1\u017e s tzv. hodinov\u00fdm pohonem. Dalekohled by m\u011bl m\u00edt pr\u016fm\u011br alespo\u0148 15 nebo 20 cm (\u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm pochopiteln\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed; na druhou stranu dalekohledy v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 30 cm se obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bji p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed a stav\u011bj\u00ed v ter\u00e9nu).<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/o-zakrytech\/jak-pozorovat\/sc\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-560\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-560\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/SC-e1544954170172.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/SC-e1544954170172.jpg 480w, https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/SC-e1544954170172-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Na obr\u00e1zku je rovn\u00edkov\u00e1 mont\u00e1\u017e Sky-Watcher EQ5 s hodinov\u00fdm strojkem a pol\u00e1rn\u00edm hled\u00e1\u010dkem. \u010cern\u00fd dalekohled je typ Schmidt-Cassegrain 150\/1500 mm. Pokud pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me m\u00e9n\u011b sv\u011bteln\u00e9 dalekohledy (jako je tento se sv\u011btelnost\u00ed 1:10), je vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt optick\u00fd \u010dlen, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m zkr\u00e1t\u00ed ohniskovou vzd\u00e1lenost (mimo jin\u00e9 abychom m\u011bli v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zorn\u00e9 pole a zakr\u00fdvan\u00e1 hv\u011bzda se n\u00e1m dob\u0159e hledala). Vhodn\u00e1 v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 sv\u011btelnost dalekohledu je 1:3 a\u017e 1:5.<\/p>\n<p>Pomineme-li mo\u017enost pozorovat visu\u00e1ln\u011b se stopkami \u010di diktafonem (mo\u017en\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud n\u00e1m sel\u017ee kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed z\u00e1krytem nahr\u00e1vac\u00ed technika nebo nap\u0159\u00edklad u ur\u010dit\u00fdch pozorovac\u00edch kampan\u00ed, do kter\u00fdch se zapojuj\u00ed amat\u00e9\u0159i bez pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed), pot\u0159ebujeme je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bjak\u00e9 nahr\u00e1vac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Vhodn\u00e1 je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo analogov\u00e1 kamera.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/o-zakrytech\/jak-pozorovat\/kamera\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-557\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-557\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/kamera.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/kamera.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/kamera-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Na obr\u00e1zku je analogov\u00e1 kamera Watec 120N+ s ovlada\u010dem nastaven\u00ed kamery a n\u00e1stavcem pro uchycen\u00ed v okul\u00e1rov\u00e9m v\u00fdtahu dalekohledu. N\u011bkter\u00e9 modern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed kamery maj\u00ed integrov\u00e1n vlastn\u00ed vklada\u010d \u010dasu ze syst\u00e9mu GPS. Pokud jej kamera nem\u00e1, je pot\u0159eba je\u0161t\u011b do nahr\u00e1van\u00e9ho obrazu vlo\u017eit \u010das. To lze pomoc\u00ed extern\u00edho vklada\u010de \u010dasu.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/o-zakrytech\/jak-pozorovat\/vkladac\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-562\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-562\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/vkladac.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/vkladac.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/vkladac-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edkladem vklada\u010de \u010dasu je krabi\u010dka uprost\u0159ed obr\u00e1zku (\u010das zji\u0161\u0165uje z ant\u00e9ny GPS &#8211; kulat\u00e1 v\u011bc vpravo). A d\u00e1le pot\u0159ebujeme p\u0159ev\u00e9zt sign\u00e1l z AV kabel\u016f p\u0159es rozhran\u00ed USB (tzv. grabber vlevo) do po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1m-li r\u016fzn\u00e9 nap\u00e1jec\u00ed a audio\/video kabely a d\u00e1le baterie pro nap\u00e1jen\u00ed nebo adapt\u00e9ry ze s\u00edt\u011b 230 V (pop\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z autoz\u00e1suvky, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b p\u0159es m\u011bni\u010d nap\u011bt\u00ed), je posledn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010d.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/o-zakrytech\/jak-pozorovat\/notas\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-559\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-559\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/notas.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/notas.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/notas-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Pominu-li software u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, pro zaznamen\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1krytu je nezbytn\u00fd n\u011bjak\u00fd program pro nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed videa.<\/p>\n<p>Lze doporu\u010dit nap\u0159\u00edklad IOTA Video Capture (je t\u0159eba si t\u00e9\u017e st\u00e1hnout kodek &#8211; Lagarith Lossless Codec), pop\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Virtual Dub apod.\u00a0 To v z\u00e1sad\u011b sta\u010d\u00ed. Doporu\u010duji v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 program Occult Watcher, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed pro pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a umo\u017e\u0148uje tak\u00e9 vygenerov\u00e1n\u00ed mapky s hv\u011bzdn\u00fdm polem v okol\u00ed zakr\u00fdvan\u00e9 hv\u011bzdy.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #cc99ff;\">Podle \u010deho vyb\u00edrat z\u00e1kryty?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edm pozorovatel\u016fm doporu\u010duji ur\u010dit\u011b mnoho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed vyzkou\u0161et &#8222;nane\u010disto&#8220;. Lze tak u\u010dinit nap\u0159\u00edklad i na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159ady \u00fakaz\u016f, jejich\u017e pravd\u011bpodobnost je velmi mal\u00e1 nebo nulov\u00e1. Kdy\u017e se n\u011bco nepovede, nebude to tolik mrzet, jako kdy\u017e se pokaz\u00ed tutov\u00fd pozitivn\u00ed z\u00e1kryt. Z\u00edskan\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti budou velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011br z\u00e1kryt\u016f bude u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pozorovatele r\u016fzn\u00fd. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na \u010dasov\u00fdch mo\u017enostech, lokalit\u011b a celkov\u00e9 strategii pozorovatele. V\u00fdsledkem pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed by m\u011blo b\u00fdt zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, jestli z\u00e1kryt na dan\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b nastal \u010di nikoliv. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b asi \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd pozorovatel nechce sledovat jen negativn\u00ed z\u00e1kryty.<\/p>\n<p>V prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b by m\u011bl b\u00fdt dob\u0159e patrn\u00fd pokles jasnosti. Za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edm pozorovatel\u016fm doporu\u010duji vyb\u00edrat z\u00e1kryty s celkov\u00fdm poklesem jasnosti alespo\u0148 0,75 mag (zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9 si troufaj\u00ed i na men\u0161\u00ed poklesy). Za dal\u0161\u00ed je t\u0159eba dob\u0159e zvolit kombinaci celkov\u00e9 jasnosti v z\u00e1vislosti na v\u00fd\u0161ce nad obzorem a hlavn\u011b maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed dobou trv\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1krytu.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed tabulka ud\u00e1v\u00e1 limitn\u00ed jasnosti, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch by m\u011bl b\u00fdt z\u00e1kryt je\u0161t\u011b zpracovateln\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"tablepress-12-name\" class=\"tablepress-table-name tablepress-table-name-id-12\">Orienta\u010dn\u00ed limity 15, 20 a 30 cm dalekohled\u016f pro z\u00e1kryty<\/h2>\n<span id=\"tablepress-12-description\" class=\"tablepress-table-description tablepress-table-description-id-12\">Plat\u00ed pro v\u00fd\u0161ku v\u00edce ne\u017e 55 stup\u0148\u016f nad obzorem za dobr\u00fdch podm\u00ednek a pro kameru Watec 120N+<\/span>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-12\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-12\" aria-labelledby=\"tablepress-12-name\" aria-describedby=\"tablepress-12-description\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">nastaven\u00ed kamery<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">S1<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">S2<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">S3<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">S4<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">S5<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">S6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">integra\u010dn\u00ed doba v sekund\u00e1ch (expozice)<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">0,04<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">0,08<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">0,16<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">0,32<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">0,64<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">1,28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed trv\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1krytu v sekund\u00e1ch<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">0,3<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">0,6<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">1,3<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">2,6<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">5,1<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">10,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">limitn\u00ed jasnost (mag) 15 cm Schmidt-Cassegrain<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">10,7<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">11,7<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">12,1<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">12,5<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">12,9<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">13,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">limitn\u00ed jasnost (mag) 20 cm Newton<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">11,3<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">12,3<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">12,7<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">13,1<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">13,5<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">13,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">limitn\u00ed jasnost (mag) 30 cm Newton<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">12,0<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">13,0<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">13,4<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">13,8<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">14,2<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">14,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>U vybran\u00e9ho \u00fakazu si podle tabulky zkontrolujeme v z\u00e1vislosti na jasnosti hv\u011bzdy, jestli maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed trv\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1krytu m\u00e1 alespo\u0148 hodnotu jako je uvedena v tabulce (pop\u0159. vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm d\u00e9le trv\u00e1 z\u00e1kryt, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe).<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edstavme si planetku jako kulov\u00e9 t\u011bleso a dva negativn\u00ed pozorovatele, kte\u0159\u00ed sleduj\u00ed te\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1kryt (ka\u017ed\u00fd z opa\u010dn\u00e9 strany). Budou-li mezi nimi i n\u011bjac\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9, v\u00edme, \u017ee z\u00e1kryt nastal &#8222;mezi nimi&#8220;. T\u011btiva o d\u00e9lce jedn\u00e9 osminy pr\u016fm\u011bru planetky le\u017e\u00ed ji\u017e velmi bl\u00edzko okraje kruhov\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011btu, a tedy chyba, \u017ee i negativn\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9 nepatrn\u011b &#8222;l\u00edzli&#8220; st\u00edn, je vzhledem k velikosti planetky mal\u00e1 (pr\u016fm\u011bt planetky kolmo k p\u00e1su tedy nebude v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzd\u00e1lenost t\u011btiv obou negativn\u00edch pozorovatel\u016f). Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed trv\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1krytu by tedy m\u011blo m\u00edt hodnotu alespo\u0148 8\u00d7 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e doba expozice. Lze si v ur\u010dit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech p\u0159edstavit i ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1sobek, ale nap\u0159\u00edklad trojn\u00e1sobek ji\u017e ned\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd smysl.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se \u00fakaz n\u00ed\u017ee nad obzorem je t\u0159eba k magnitud\u011b p\u0159ipo\u010d\u00edst tzv. extinkci atmosf\u00e9ry (konkr\u00e9tn\u011b u v\u00fd\u0161ek cca 25 a\u017e 55\u00b0 ve v\u00fd\u0161i n\u011bkolika doln\u00edch desetin magnitud). U v\u00fd\u0161ek pouze do 14\u00ba \u010din\u00ed korekce ji\u017e jednu magnitudu, pop\u0159\u00edpad\u011b velmi n\u00edzko nad obzorem i n\u011bkolik magnitud. \u010c\u00edm d\u00e1le od zenitu pozorujeme, t\u00edm vid\u00edme jen jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzdy. \u00a0<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #cc99ff;\">P\u0159\u00edprava pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Pokud m\u00e1me z\u00e1kryt ji\u017e vybr\u00e1n, m\u011bli bychom jeho pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed s dostate\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159edstihem m\u00edt ohl\u00e1\u0161eno v programu Occult Watcher (ide\u00e1ln\u011b alespo\u0148 t\u00fdden p\u0159edem nebo v\u00edce s ohledem na pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed mobiln\u00edch stanic ostatn\u00edch pozorovatel\u016f). Pokud nakonec pozorovat z r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f nebudeme, nevad\u00ed (stanici lze tak\u00e9 odhl\u00e1sit nebo uv\u00e9st &#8222;nepozorov\u00e1no&#8220;), je to ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e je \u0161ance na 2 pozitivn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nele\u017e\u00ed na jedn\u00e9 linii, ne\u017e kdy\u017e se n\u011bjak\u00fd pozorovatel nep\u0159ihl\u00e1s\u00ed a pak se sejde s rozestupem p\u00e1r set metr\u016f s jin\u00fdm nap\u0159. mobiln\u00edm stanovi\u0161t\u011bm).<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b jasn\u00e9ho nebe (pr\u016fzra\u010dnosti atmosf\u00e9ry), je velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd i tzv. seeing, tedy stabilita nebo naopak neklid ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad otev\u0159eme po hork\u00e9m dni kopuli a\u017e ve\u010der t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm, m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1m tento &#8222;detail&#8220; zhatit cel\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Podobn\u011b, pokud vyn\u00e1\u0161\u00edme dalekohled z budovy ven, m\u011bli bychom jej nechat vytemperovat n\u011bjakou dobu (obvykle 2 hodiny jsou v\u00edce ne\u017e dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed).<\/p>\n<p>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je orientace pole na monitoru po\u010d\u00edta\u010de (sever by m\u011bl b\u00fdt naho\u0159e), m\u016f\u017eeme si nap\u0159\u00edklad ud\u011blat n\u011bjakou zna\u010dku, jak m\u00e1 b\u00fdt nato\u010dena kamera v okul\u00e1rov\u00e9m v\u00fdtahu apod. To n\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed se v hv\u011bzdn\u00e9m poli pomoc\u00ed mapky zorientovat. Pominu-li nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017ee, m\u016f\u017eeme u klasick\u00e9 rovn\u00edkov\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017ee naj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bt od bl\u00edzk\u00fdch jasn\u00fdch hv\u011bzd nebo nap\u0159\u00edklad nastavit n\u011bjakou takovou hv\u011bzdu na stejn\u00e9 deklinaci, ale s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed rektascenz\u00ed (a na p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd rozd\u00edl minut vypnout hodinov\u00fd stroj, ne\u017e do zorn\u00e9ho pole doputuje po\u017eadovan\u00e9 hv\u011bzdn\u00e9 pole).<\/p>\n<p>Zakr\u00fdvanou hv\u011bzdu bychom m\u011bli nastavit do bl\u00edzkosti st\u0159edu zorn\u00e9ho pole, aby n\u00e1m vlivem \u0161patn\u00e9ho ustaven\u00ed dalekohledu b\u011bhem nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed neutekla.<\/p>\n<p>Je tak\u00e9 vhodn\u00e9 si zkontrolovat, jestli m\u00e1me dob\u0159e zapojen\u00e9 v\u0161echny kabely apod. (d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9: pokud p\u0159i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed jsme z\u00e1visl\u00ed na energii z bateri\u00ed, je vhodn\u00e9 se ujistit, \u017ee jsou nabit\u00e9). Pokud ji\u017e m\u00e1me dalekohled spr\u00e1vn\u011b zaost\u0159en, nastaven\u00e9 pole a v nahr\u00e1vac\u00edm programu nastaven\u00e9 v\u0161echny volby spr\u00e1vn\u011b, m\u016f\u017eeme se ve spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u010das pustit do vlastn\u00edho nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #cc99ff;\">Vlastn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e se pust\u00edme do nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, nastav\u00edme integra\u010dn\u00ed dobu kamery (jak jsme ji\u017e \u0159\u00edkali, m\u011bla by b\u00fdt ide\u00e1ln\u011b maxim\u00e1ln\u011b jednou osminou o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9ho trv\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1krytu). Je pot\u0159eba zkusit, jak p\u0159i kter\u00fdch integrac\u00edch vypad\u00e1 sledovan\u00fd objekt. Nem\u011bl by b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 slab\u00fd, aby nahr\u00e1vka byla je\u0161t\u011b zpracovateln\u00e1. Nem\u011bl by b\u00fdt ani extr\u00e9mn\u011b jasn\u00fd, proto\u017ee pak je obraz saturov\u00e1n a men\u0161\u00ed poklesy jasnosti nebudou v z\u00e1znamu patrn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>V programu Occult Watcher m\u016f\u017eeme zjistit pro na\u0161e stanovi\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edpov\u011bzen\u00fd \u010das z\u00e1krytu (je uveden v hodin\u00e1ch, minut\u00e1ch a sekund\u00e1ch), d\u00e1le zjist\u00edme chybu z\u00e1krytu v sekund\u00e1ch. Mnoho z\u00e1kryt\u016f je p\u0159edpov\u011bzeno s chybou pouze n\u011bkolika sekund. \u00dakaz obvykle nahr\u00e1v\u00e1me cca 4 minuty (2 minuty p\u0159ed a po o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9m st\u0159edu z\u00e1krytu), a to kv\u016fli p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 detekci m\u011bs\u00edce planetky. Pokud je chyba p\u0159edpov\u011bdi v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee se d\u00e9lka nahr\u00e1vky v\u00fdrazn\u011bji prot\u00e1hnout.<\/p>\n<p>Nahran\u00fd soubor by m\u011bl n\u00e9st v sob\u011b pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed o datu, planetce, d\u00e9lce integrace, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch nastaven\u00edch kamery (gamma, gain apod.).<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e1le bychom si m\u011bli nejpozd\u011bji hned po z\u00e1krytu zapsat dal\u0161\u00ed okolnosti pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed: pr\u016fzra\u010dnost atmosf\u00e9ry, kvalitu seeingu, v\u00edtr, teplotu.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o tom a\u017e n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den, co jsme kam kde nahr\u00e1li a jak\u00e9 byly parametry nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, n\u011bkdy a\u017e nemo\u017en\u00e9 dobrat se pravdy.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me pro vyhled\u00e1n\u00ed pole n\u011bjak\u00fd program hv\u011bzdn\u00e9 oblohy s tvorbou mapek, je vhodn\u00e9 si k ulo\u017een\u00e9 nahr\u00e1vce tak\u00e9 ulo\u017eit mapku pole, jak bylo vid\u011bt na monitoru.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se z\u00e1kryt zda\u0159il, m\u016f\u017eeme se vrhnout na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale to je ji\u017e na samostatn\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky. Za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed pozorovatel\u00e9 mohou zaslat sv\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9mu zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu pozorovateli s prosbou o zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a vypln\u011bn\u00ed pozorovac\u00edho protokolu. Jist\u011b r\u00e1di pom\u016f\u017eou!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kryt\u016f hv\u011bzd planetkami pat\u0159\u00ed k relativn\u011b nen\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm, zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm a u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm astronomick\u00fdm pozorov\u00e1n\u00edm. I mal\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstroji lze z\u00edsk\u00e1vat zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 data o bl\u00edzk\u00e9m i vzd\u00e1len\u00e9m vesm\u00edru. Co k pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159ebujeme?\u00a0 p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed softwarov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed dobr\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi (z\u00e1kryt\u016f i po\u010das\u00ed) Pomineme-li v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1kryty jasn\u00fdch hv\u011bzd viditeln\u00fdch i bez dalekohledu, je z\u00e1kladem pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00e1 mont\u00e1\u017e s &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/o-zakrytech\/jak-pozorovat\/\" class=\"more-link\">Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8222;Jak pozorovat?&#8220;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":461,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-469","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/469","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=469"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/469\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":606,"href":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/469\/revisions\/606"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/461"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zakryty.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=469"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}